Order II Rule 2 CPC – Bar to Splitting of Claims: One Cause, One Suit
In civil litigation , a plaintiff must present their entire claim related to a cause of action in one suit . They cannot divide their claim into parts and file multiple suits for the same cause — this is prohibited under Order II Rule 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC), 1908) . This rule promotes judicial efficiency and prevents harassment of defendants through repeated litigation on the same issue . What Order II Rule 2 CPC States Rule 2(1): “Every suit shall include the whole of the claim which the plaintiff is entitled to make in respect of the cause of action; but a plaintiff may relinquish any portion of his claim in order to bring the suit within the jurisdiction of any Court.” Rule 2(2): “Where a plaintiff omits to sue in respect of, or intentionally relinquishes, any portion of his claim, he shall not afterwards sue in respect of the portion so omitted or relinquished.” Rule 2(3): “A person entitled to more than one relief in respect of the same cause ...